1 Pamene kunyamula kumayikidwa, m'mimba mwake mkati mwa chiberekero ndi shaft, m'mimba mwake ndi nyumba ndizofunika kwambiri.Kukwanirako kukakhala kotayirira kwambiri, malo okwererako amatha kusuntha wachibale wina ndi mnzake, womwe umatchedwa kukwawa.Zokwawa zikangochitika, zimavala pamwamba, kuwononga tsinde kapena chipolopolo, ndipo ufa wonyezimira umalowa mkati mwa chotengeracho, ndikuyambitsa kutentha, kugwedezeka ndi kuwonongeka.Pamene kusokoneza kuli kwakukulu, chigawo chakunja cha mphete chakunja chidzakhala chaching'ono kapena mkati mwa mphete yamkati chidzakhala chokulirapo, zomwe zidzachepetse chilolezo chamkati cha kubala.Kuonjezera apo, kulondola kwa geometric kwa shaft ndi shell processing kudzakhudzanso kulondola koyambirira kwa mphete yonyamula, motero kumakhudza ntchito ya kubereka.
1.1 Kusankha koyenera 1.1.1 Chikhalidwe cha katundu ndi kusankha koyenera kumadalira njira yomwe kunyamula kumanyamula katundu ndi mikhalidwe yozungulira ya mphete zamkati ndi zakunja, kawirikawiri amatchula Table 1. Table 1 Chikhalidwe cha Katundu wophatikizidwa ndi mikhalidwe yozungulira yofananira ndi Nthano Katundu wachilengedwe Njira Yoyenera mphete yamkati: yozungulira Mphete yolakwika: Njira yolemetsa yosasunthika: Mphete yamkati yokhazikika Kachilombo wakunja Katundu wakunja Kakulidwe kamkati: Kukwanira kosasunthika (kukwanira kosokoneza) Mphete yakunja: Kukwanira kwamphamvu (clearance fit) ilipo Mphete yamkati: Static Negative mphete: Kuzungulira katundu: Kuzungulira nthawi imodzi ndi mphete yakunja mphete yamkati: Kuzungulira mphete yolakwika: Malo oyenda osasunthika: Yokhazikika mphete yamkati Katundu wakunja wozungulira mphete mphete yamkati: Kukwanira kwamphamvu kulipo (Zomveka bwino. fit) Mphete yakunja: Kukhazikika (kulowerera kosokoneza) Mphete yamkati: Mkombero wosasunthika: Mozungulira Katundu wolowera: Kuzungulira nthawi imodzi ndi mphete yamkati.2) Kuyenerera kovomerezeka Kuti musankhe zoyenera pa cholingacho, chikhalidwe, kukula, kutentha kwa katundu wonyamula katundu, ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana za kuyika ndi kusokonezeka kwa zotengera ziyenera kuganiziridwa.Pamene kubereka kumayikidwa pa chipolopolo chopyapyala kapena tsinde lopanda kanthu, kusokoneza kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa wamba;chipolopolo chosiyana ndi chosavuta kusokoneza mphete yakunja, choncho iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pamene mphete yakunja iyenera kuikidwa;pakakhala kugwedezeka kwakukulu, mphete zamkati ndi zakunja ziyenera kukhala zokhazikika.
Pazoyenerana bwino kwambiri, onani Table 2, Table 3 Table 2 Mikhalidwe yogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ma fani a radial ndi ma shafts (kuti atchule) Shaft diameter (mm) Ndemanga za mayendedwe ozungulira odzigudubuza Ma bere ozungulira a cylindrical roller bearings Tapered roller bearings Kusintha kwapakati Zodzigudubuza zapakati. Ma cylindrical bore bearings ndi mphete yakunja ya shaft Katundu wozungulira amafunikira mphete yamkati kuti ikhale yosavuta kusuntha pa shaft Miyeso yonse ya mawilo a shaft yokhazikika g6 Pamene kulondola kukufunika, gwiritsani ntchito g5, h5, mayendedwe akulu ndi zofunikira. kwa kuyenda kosavuta kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito m'malo mwa h6 Mphete yamkati iyenera kukhala yosavuta kusuntha pa shaft Tensioner frame, sheave h6 mphete yamkati imazungulira kapena mayendedwe ake ndi osatha.Katundu wopepuka ali pansipa 0.06Cr(1).— — Js5 Pamene kulondola kukufunika, gwiritsani ntchito kalasi ya p5, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito h5 pamayendedwe olondola a mpira okhala ndi mainchesi amkati a 18mm kapena kuchepera.0.13) Katundu wa Cr (1) mu gawo lonyamula ambiri ndi pansi pa 18 pama motors akulu amagetsi, ma turbines, mapampu, ma shafts a injini, ma gear transmission, ndi makina opangira matabwa - n6 single-row tapered roller bearings ndi single-row radial thrust mpira. mayendedwe angasinthidwe ndi k6 ndi m6 k5, m5.18-100 pansipa 40 p6 140-200 40-100 40-65 r6 200-280 100-140 65-100 r7— 140-200 100-140 n6— 200-400 200-28——200-400 2060—28 pa 500 r7 katundu wolemetsa (woposa 0.13Cr(1)) njanji yonyamula katundu kapena njanji, galimoto yamafakitale tram main motor yomanga makina opangira ma pulverizer—50-140 50-100 n6 mayendedwe omwe amafunikira chilolezo choposa chanthawi zonse — 140-200 100-140 p6 — more than 200 140-200 r6 — — 200-500 r7 Only bere axial load Magawo onse okhala ndi zomanga zosiyanasiyana Miyeso yonse Js6 (j6) — Table 3 Radial bearing and home hole Zitsanzo zogwiritsiridwa ntchito za mikhalidwe yofananira (lozera) kalasi Kusuntha kwa mphete yakunja Ndemanga Zophatikizika za dzenje Mphete Yozungulira Katundu wozungulira Khoma Kunyamula katundu wolemera Mawilo agalimoto (zoyenda zoyenda) Mawilo a Crane P7 Mphete yakunja siyingasunthe mbali ya axial.
Katundu wamba, gudumu lamagalimoto olemetsa (mpira) chotchinga chonjenjemera N7 katundu wopepuka kapena cholumikizira chotengera chosinthira, chopondera cholumikizira M7 chosalunjika chida chachikulu chonyamula injini yayikulu ya tramu wamba katundu kapena mpope wopepuka crankshaft sing'anga ndi mota yayikulu K7 kunja. mfundo, mphete yakunja singakhoze kusuntha mbali ya axial.Mphete yakunja siyenera kusuntha mbali ya axial.Bowo lophatikizika la nyumba kapena dzenje lanyumba lapadera ndi katundu wamba kapena katundu wopepuka JS7 (J7).Mphete yakunja imatha kuyenda mozungulira.Mphete yakunja imatha kuyenda mozungulira.Directional movement Inner ring rotational load Katundu wamitundumitundu Katundu Wonse Zonyamula Zambiri Gawo la nyumba yonyamulira ya njanji H7 Mphete yakunja imayenda molunjika ku axial mosavuta - katundu wamba kapena katundu wopepuka wokhala ndi mpando H8 Integral shaft ndi mphete yamkati imakhala pepala lotentha kwambiri. chowumitsira G7 katundu wamba, katundu wopepuka, makamaka amafunikira kulondola kozungulira kopera kozungulira mpira wakumbuyo wokhala ndi liwiro lalikulu la centrifugal kompresa yokhazikika mbali ya JS6 (J6) mphete yakunja imatha kusuntha mbali ya axial - katundu wosagwirizana ndi kugaya spindle wakumbuyo mpira wokhala ndi liwiro lalitali Centrifugal Kompreta yokhazikika mbali yokhala ndi K6 Pamene mphete yakunja imakhazikika munjira ya axial, kusokoneza kokwanira kokulirapo kuposa K kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.Pankhani ya zofunikira zapadera kuti zikhale zolondola kwambiri, ndizofunikira kuti mupitirize kugwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kochepa kovomerezeka malinga ndi ntchito.Gwirizanani.
Katundu wozungulira wa mphete yamkati amasintha katunduyo, makamaka amafuna kusinthasintha kolondola komanso kukhazikika kwakukulu.Ma cylindrical roller bearings a spindles makina M6 kapena N6.Mphete yakunja imakhazikika kumbali ya axial ndipo imafuna ntchito yopanda phokoso.Zipangizo zapakhomo H6.Mphete yakunja imayenda motsatira njira ya axial-3), shaft 1. Ngati kulondola kwa chipolopolo ndi kuuma kwapamwamba kwa shaft ndi chipolopolo sichikwanira bwino, kubereka kudzakhudzidwa ndi izo ndipo sikungathe kuchita ntchito yofunikira.Mwachitsanzo, ngati kulondola kwa gawo loyika paphewa sikwabwino, mphete zamkati ndi zakunja zidzapendekera.Kuphatikiza pa katundu wonyamula, katundu wokhazikika pamapeto amachepetsa kutopa kwa moyo, ndipo mozama kwambiri, adzawononga khola ndi sintering.Komanso, mapindikidwe a nyumba chifukwa katundu kunja ndi kochepa.Ndikofunikira kuti muthe kuthandizira kwathunthu kukhazikika kwa kubereka.Kukwera kolimba, kumakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri kwa phokoso lonyamula ndi kugawa katundu.
Pansi pazikhalidwe zogwiritsiridwa ntchito, kutembenuza kumalizidwa kapena kukonza makina otopetsa ndikokwanira.Komabe, nthawi zina zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri pakutha kwa kasinthasintha komanso phokoso ndi katundu wovuta kwambiri, kumaliza kumafunikira.Pamene ma bere a 2 apangidwa mu chipolopolo chonse, pamwamba pa chipolopolocho chiyenera kupangidwa kuti chizitha kuyendetsa bwino.Pazogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, kulondola ndi kusalala kwa shaft ndi nyumba zitha kukhazikitsidwa pa Table 4 pansipa.Table 4 Kulondola ndi kusalala kwa shaft ndi nyumba Chinthu chokhala ndi kalasi Shaft nyumba zozungulira kulolerana 0, 6, 5, 4 IT3 ~ IT42 2IT3 ~ IT42 2 IT4 ~ IT52 2IT3 ~ IT42 2 Cylindricity tolerance 0, 6 Grade 5, Grade 4 IT3 IT42 2IT2 ~ IT32 2 IT4 ~ IT52 2IT2 ~ IT32 2 Kupirira kwa mapewa Grade 0, Siredi 6 Kalasi 5, Kalasi 4 IT3IT3 IT3~IT4IT3 Kuyenerera pamwamba Rmax Zimbalangondo Zing'onozing'ono Zonyamulira zazikulu 3.2S6.3S 6.3S12
2 Kukhala ndi chilolezo: Kukhala ndi chilolezo kukuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1: Chithunzi 1 Kukhala ndi chilolezo 2.1 Kukhala ndi chilolezo chamkati Chotchedwa kunyamula chilolezo chamkati chimatanthawuza mbali ya mphete yamkati kapena mphete yakunja ya chimbalangondo pamene sichinayikidwe pa shaft kapena bokosi lonyamula.Konzani, ndiyeno pangani mbali yosakhazikika kusuntha mozungulira kapena axially.Malingana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kakhoza kugawidwa kukhala chilolezo cha radial ndi axial chilolezo.Poyezera chilolezo chamkati cha bearing, kuti mukhazikitse mtengo woyezedwa, kuchuluka kwa mayeso kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mpheteyo.Chifukwa chake, mtengo woyeserera ndi wokulirapo kuposa mtengo weniweni wa chilolezo, ndiye kuti, palinso kuchuluka kwa zotanuka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mayesowo.Mtengo weniweni wa chilolezo chamkati cha zonyamula ndi malinga ndi Table 4.5.Kuwonjezeka kwa chilolezo chifukwa cha zotanuka deformation pamwamba kumakonzedwa.Kuchuluka kwa zotanuka mapindikidwe odzigudubuza mayendedwe ndi negligible.Table 4.5 ndi kuwongolera kwa ma radial clearance kuti athetse chikoka cha katundu woyezetsa (deep groove ball bearing) Unit: um Dzina lachitsanzo lokhala ndi mainchesi d (mm) Mayeso oyesa (N) Kuwongolera kovomerezeka kumaposa C2 Ordinary C3 C4 C510 (kuphatikizidwa) 18 24.549 147 3~4 4~5 6~8 45 8 4 6 9 4 6 9 4 6 92.2 Kusankhidwa kwa chilolezo chonyamula Chilolezo choyendera nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokulirapo kuposa chilolezo choyambirira chifukwa cha kukwanira komanso kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja.Wamng'ono.Chilolezo chothamanga chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo wa kubereka, kukwera kwa kutentha, kugwedezeka ndi phokoso, kotero ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti zikhale bwino.
Mwachidziwitso, pamene kubereka kukugwira ntchito, ndi chilolezo choyendetsa pang'ono, moyo wa kubereka ndi waukulu kwambiri.Koma ndizovuta kwambiri kusunga chilolezo choyenera.Pamene mikhalidwe yautumiki ikusintha, kuchotsedwa kolakwika kwa mayendedwe kumawonjezeka moyenerera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa moyo wobereka kapena mbadwo wa kutentha.Chifukwa chake, kuloledwa koyamba kwa zotengera nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokulirapo pang'ono kuposa zero.Chithunzi 2: Kusintha kwa ma radial clearance of bearings 2.3 Zosankha zokhala ndi chilolezo Mwachidziwitso, pamene kubereka kuli m'malo ogwirira ntchito otetezeka ndipo kumakhala ndi chilolezo choyipa pang'ono, moyo wonyamula ndiwo waukulu kwambiri.Koma zoona zake n’zakuti, n’kovuta kwambiri kukhalabe ndi mkhalidwe wabwino umenewu.Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zikasintha, chilolezo choyipa chidzawonjezeka, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwakukulu kwa moyo wa kubala kapena kutentha.Chifukwa chake, posankha chilolezo choyambirira, pamafunika kuti chilolezo chothamanga chikhale chokulirapo pang'ono kuposa zero.
Kwa ma bearings omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, mayendedwe oyenera adzagwiritsidwa ntchito.Pamene liwiro ndi kutentha zili bwino, kokha lolingana yachibadwa chilolezo ayenera kusankhidwa kupeza yoyenera kuthamanga chilolezo.Tebulo 6 Zitsanzo zovomerezeka za chilolezo chodziwika bwino Gwiritsani ntchito mikhalidwe Nthawi yoyenera Sankhani chilolezo chonyamula katundu wolemera, zolemetsa, ndi kusokoneza kwakukulu Axle C3 Vibrating screen C3 ndi C4 imanyamula katundu wosagwirizana ndi njira, ndipo mphete zonse zamkati ndi zakunja zimagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe a njanji. Talakitala ya Motor C4, chotsitsa chomaliza cha C4 chokhala kapena makina otenthetsera amkati amkati, chowumitsira C3, C4 rolling mill roller C3 imachepetsa kugwedezeka komanso phokoso laling'ono lamoto C2 sinthani chilolezo ndi kuwongolera shaft kugwedezeka kwa chida cha makina a NTN (mizere iwiri ya cylinder Roller bearings) C9NA C0NA ku.